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Governor Pilate Questions Jesus
(Mt. 27:1-2, 11-14; Lk. 23:1-5; Jn. 18:28-38)
15
1Very early in the morning, the leading priests, the older Jewish leaders, the teachers of the law, and the whole high council decided what to do with Jesus. They tied him, led him away, and handed him over to Governor Pilatea.
 2Pilate asked Jesus, "Are you the king of the Jews?"
Jesus answered, "Yes, that is right."
 3The leading priests accused Jesus of many things. 4So Pilate asked Jesus another question. He said, "You can see that these people are accusing you of many things. Why don't you answer?"
 5But Jesus still did not answer, and this really surprised Pilate.

Pilate Tries but Fails to Free Jesus
(Mt. 27:15-31; Lk. 23:13-25; Jn. 18:39-19:16)
 6Every year at the Passoverb time the governor would free one prisoner - whichever one the people wanted. 7There was a man in prison at that time named Barabbas. He and the rebels with him had been put in prison for committing murder during a riot.
 8The people came to Pilatea and asked him to free a prisoner as he always did. 9Pilate asked them, "Do you want me to free the king of the Jews?" 10Pilate knew that the leading priests had handed Jesus over to him because they were jealous of him. 11But the leading priests persuaded the people to ask Pilate to free Barabbas, not Jesus.
 12Pilate asked the people again, "So what should I do with this man you call the king of the Jews?"
 13The people shouted, "Kill him on a cross!"
 14Pilate asked, "Why? What wrong has he done?"
But the people shouted louder and louder, "Kill him on a cross!"
 15Pilate wanted to please the people, so he set Barabbas free for them. And he told the soldiers to beat Jesus with whips. Then he handed him over to the soldiers to be killed on a cross.
 16Pilate's soldiers took Jesus into the governor's palace (called the Praetorium). They called all the other soldiers together. 17They put a purple robe on Jesus, made a crown from thorny branches, and put it on his head. 18Then they began shouting, "Welcome, king of the Jews!" 19They kept on beating his head with a stick and spitting on him. Then they bowed down on their knees and pretended to honor him as a king. 20After they finished making fun of him, they took off the purple robe and put his own clothes on him again. Then they led him out of the palace to be killed on a cross.

Jesus Is Nailed to a Cross
(Mt. 27:32-44; Lk. 23:26-39; Jn. 19:17-19)
 21There was a man from Cyrene named Simon walking into the city from the fields. He was the father of Alexander and Rufus. The soldiers forced him to carry Jesus' cross. 22They led Jesus to the place called Golgotha. (Golgotha means "The Place of the Skull.") 23There they gave him some wine mixed with myrrhc, but he refused to drink it. 24The soldiers nailed Jesus to a cross. Then they divided his clothes among themselves, throwing dice to see who would get what.
 25It was nine o'clock in the morning when they nailed Jesus to the cross. 26There was a sign with the charge against him written on it. It said, "the king of the jews." 27They also nailed two criminals to crosses beside Jesus - one on the right and the other on the left. 28d
 29People walked by and said bad things to Jesus. They shook their heads and said, "You said you could destroy the Templee and build it again in three days. 30So save yourself! Come down from that cross!"
 31The leading priests and the teachers of the law were also there. They made fun of Jesus the same as the other people did. They said to each other, "He saved others, but he can't save himself! 32If he is really the Messiahf, the king of Israelg, he should come down from the cross now. When we see this, then we will believe in him." The criminals on the crosses beside Jesus also said bad things to him.

Jesus Dies
(Mt. 27:45-56; Lk. 23:44-49; Jn. 19:28-30)
 33At noon the whole country became dark. This darkness continued until three o'clock. 34At three o'clock Jesus cried out loudly, "Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani." This means "My God, my God, why have you left me alone?"h
 35Some of the people standing there heard this. They said, "Listen! He is calling Elijahi."
 36One man there ran and got a sponge. He filled the sponge with sour wine and tied it to a stick. Then he used the stick to give the sponge to Jesus to get a drink from it. The man said, "We should wait now and see if Elijah will come to take him down from the cross."
 37Then Jesus cried out loudly and died.
 38When Jesus died, the curtainj in the Templee was torn into two pieces. The tear started at the top and tore all the way to the bottom. 39The army officerk who was standing there in front of the cross saw what happened when Jesus died. The officer said, "This man really was the Son of God!"
 40Some women were standing away from the cross, watching. Among these women were Mary Magdalene, Salome, and Mary the mother of James and Joses. (James was her youngest son.) 41These were the women who had followed Jesus in Galilee and cared for him. Many other women who had come with Jesus to Jerusalem were also there.

Jesus Is Buried
(Mt. 27:57-61; Lk. 23:50-56; Jn. 19:38-42)
 42This day was called Preparation day. (That means the day before the Sabbathl day.) It was becoming dark. 43A man named Joseph from Arimathea was brave enough to go to Pilatea and ask for Jesus' body. Joseph was an important member of the high council. He was one of the people who wanted God's kingdomm to come.
 44Pilate was surprised to hear that Jesus was already dead. So he called for the army officerk in charge and asked him if Jesus was already dead. 45When Pilate heard it from the officer, he told Joseph he could have the body.
 46Joseph bought some linen cloth. He took the body from the cross, wrapped it in the linen, and put the body in a tombn that was dug in a wall of rock. Then he closed the tomb by rolling a large stone to cover the entrance. 47Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses saw the place where Jesus was put.
aPilate, Pontius The Roman governor of Judea, 26-36 a.d. Read Lk. 23:1-3.
bPassover A very important holy day for the people of Israel and their descendants. They ate a special meal on this day every year to remember that God made them free from slavery in Egypt in the time of Moses. The name may come from the word in Ex. 12:13, 23, 27 that means “to pass over” or “to protect.”
cmyrrh Sweet-smelling sap from the bark of trees or other plants that was used for perfume and also to prepare bodies for burial. Mixed with wine, it was probably used to relieve pain (Mk. 15:23).
d15:28 Some Greek copies add verse 28: “And this showed the full meaning of the Scripture that says, ‘They put him with criminals.’”
eTemple The permanent building in Jerusalem that replaced the portable “Holy Tent” that was used by the Israelites from the time of their wandering in the desert to the reign of King Solomon, when the first Temple was built. Like the Holy Tent, the Temple was the center of Israelite worship, although provision was made for it to be “a house of prayer for all nations” (Isa. 56:7).
fMessiah A Hebrew word that has the same meaning as the Greek word Christ (see “Christ”). It was a title for the kings of God’s people in the Old Testament and for the special king God promised to send as a “savior” to defeat evil and establish the reign of God. Many prophets made it clear that this new kingdom would be eternal; that is, not only would the promised Messiah bring about a time of justice and right living among God’s people here on earth, but also his kingdom would extend beyond this world to life forever with God. However, most Jews of the first century expected the Messiah to be a political ruler here on earth who would defeat the other nations and return the nation of Israel to a position of great glory and power. But God intended his Messiah to establish a new “Israel,” an eternal kingdom that would bless all the nations.
gIsrael Another name for Jacob (see Gen. 32:24-28) and for the nation God chose to accomplish his plan of blessing the world through the Messiah (see “Messiah”). The people of Israel were the descendants of Jacob’s twelve sons. In the New Testament this name is sometimes used in a broader sense to mean all of God’s people.
h15:34 Quote from Ps. 22:1.
i15:35 He is calling Elijah” The word for “My God” (Eli in Hebrew or Eloi in Aramaic) sounded to the people like the name of Elijah, a famous man who spoke for God about 850 b.c.
jcurtain The curtain that separated the inner sanctuary (Most Holy Place) from the front room in the Tabernacle (see “Holy Tent”) and in the Jerusalem Temple. It represented the spiritual barrier that kept people from entering God’s presence. When Jesus died, the curtain was torn open (Mt. 27:51), which was a symbol to show that in the heavenly temple the way into God’s presence had been opened. See Heb. 10:19, 20.
karmy officer A centurion, a Roman army officer who had authority over 100 soldiers.
lSabbath Saturday, the seventh day of the week and a special day for Israelites or Jews. By God’s command it was set aside as a time for the people to rest and honor God.
mGod’s kingdom The “reign” or “rule” of God over all people who submit to him by accepting Jesus as the Messiah (the appointed king), who represents God’s kingdom on earth. Jesus was the perfect example of submission to the will of God. When people give control of their lives to Jesus, they become part of God’s kingdom and begin to enjoy the blessings he has promised his people from the beginning. (Note that in Matthew this term also translates the Greek word “kingdom” by itself or the phrase, “the kingdom of the heavens,” which was used by Jews as a way to avoid saying the divine name.)
ntomb A grave dug in a wall of rock or a building where a dead body is buried. It can also be a small building made to show respect for important people who had died.